In August 2025, it became known that Russia’s Ministry of Education had circulated new guidelines that effectively turn teachers into surveillance agents.
The document, uncovered by independent outlet Verstka, instructs educators to monitor students’ behavior, beliefs, and even family backgrounds — and to share this information with law enforcement.
According to the manual, teachers are expected to:
- Analyze students’ conversations on political, social, and religious topics.
- Track “disrespect” toward Russian state symbols, “traditional values,” and the official “Talks About Important Things” program.
- Examine notebooks, drawings, and writings unrelated to classwork.
- Note clothing or symbols that may reflect a student’s origin or political affiliation.
The guidelines advise teachers to conduct informal interviews with “suspicious” students, check parents’ names against the Interior Ministry’s registry of monitored individuals, and involve police, prosecutors, and security services when necessary.
Students may also be “profiled” through tests and questionnaires assessing their knowledge of Russian, their self-identification, and their attitude toward nationality.
Human rights advocates warn that these measures formalize the role of teachers as informants, undermining trust between students and educators and fostering a climate of constant surveillance in schools.
The document was developed with input from the Federal Coordination Resource Center for Psychological and Socio-Cultural Adaptation of Foreign Minors, the Center for the Protection of Children’s Rights and Interests, and representatives of the Interior Ministry.